Description and Operation
OBD-II review
1. Overview
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) began regulation of
On Board Diagnostics (OBD) for vehicles sold in California beginning
with the 1988 model year. The first ...
ETC (Electronic Throttle Control) System: Troubleshooting
Fail-Safe Mode
ItemFail-SafeETC MotorThrottle valve stuck at 5°TPSTPS 1 faultECM looks at TPS2TPS 2 faultECM looks at TPS1TPS 1,2 faultThrottle valve stuck at 5°APSAPS 1 faultECM looks at APS 2AP ...